Which of the following steps does occupational risk assessment involve?

• A. Identify hazards
• B. Assess exposure
• C. Evaluate risk
• D. All of the above

Answer: (D)

The main concept is that occupational risk assessment is a structured process that combines identifying what could cause harm, measuring how people are exposed, and judging how risky that combination is. First, you identify hazards in the workplace—the substances, processes, or conditions that have the potential to cause harm. Next, you assess exposure to those hazards, looking at who might be exposed, for how long, at what levels or intensities, and through which routes of exposure. Finally, you evaluate the overall risk by considering how severe the hazard could be and how likely and how long the exposure is, which helps prioritize which controls are needed. Since each step informs the next, all three elements—identifying hazards, assessing exposure, and evaluating risk—are integral. So the comprehensive approach is the correct choice.